‘Mod Security’ is an optional Apache server module that monitors all the urls, query variables, post variables etc., that are sent in the http header of you site on every request. It looks for specific character patterns and if a match is found denies the request. The patterns it is looking for are user-configurable and it is an attempt to root out malicious behaviour – i.e., someone trying to get access to your site with nefarious intent.
It sounds good but is riddled with problems and is the bane of every web developers life. Mainly, of course, because the patterns it is set up to search for are (a) unknown as your host can put in there whatever they deem might be necessary and (b) most often cause arbitrary page loading problems that can be hard to track down.
While we are not necessarily saying that mod security is the cause of your issues it has to be considered as a possible candidate simply because this is the sort of behaviour one would expect – although I have to be honest and say I have never seen the access issue half way through a page load like in the image you posted. Not quite like that anyway. And the ‘for*’ filtering is most bizarre.
I can only speak personally here but if this was me I would be asking my host firstly if mod security is indeed in place on my server and secondly and if so, can it be turned off. Failing turning it off can some of the patterns that are effecting your site be removed which might end up as being an on-going process as new urls get added over time.