The new section underneath or the recent post list isn’t visible to admins as default. You can change that in the template spGroupView.php, by finding the function:
sp_RecentPostList('show=10', __sp('Unread and recently updated topics'));
and adding the argument ‘admins=1’ so it would then appear:
sp_RecentPostList('show=10&admins=1', __sp('Unread and recently updated topics'));
So if you wanted to do that in your child theme you would need to start by copying the entire spGroupView.php template in to your child themes templates folder, then make the change there.
As to the icons, I’m not seeing any indication of new posts. What happens if you enable Default theme again, do the correct icons show after changing theme and doing a page refresh?